What is the function of judicial review?

• A. To interpret state laws
• B. To determine the constitutionality of government actions
• C. To enforce legislative decisions
• D. To conduct elections

Answer: (B)

The function of judicial review is to determine the constitutionality of government actions. This means that the judiciary has the authority to interpret the Constitution and assess whether laws passed by the legislature or actions taken by the executive branch align with constitutional principles. Judicial review serves as a check on the powers of the other branches of government, ensuring that no law or action can stand if it violates constitutional rights or principles.

The establishment of this power is rooted in landmark cases such as Marbury v. Madison, where the Supreme Court asserted its role in interpreting the Constitution and invalidating laws that are found to be unconstitutional. This function is vital for maintaining the rule of law and protecting individual rights, as it allows courts to invalidate governmental actions that exceed their granted powers or infringe upon the rights of citizens.